Imagine a roller coaster so incredibly rough, its first riders told the news that they’d “need a new spine” afterwards. Imagine that the feedback on this multi-million dollar roller coaster was so consistantly negative that engineers literally rebuilt a section of track just to try to save the ride from being universally despised. Imagine that despite all their best efforts, the park determined that there was quite literally nothing that could be done to save the ride, tearing it down after just a few years. It may sound surreal, but this almost-unbelievable tale is only the start of our story today as we explore one of the most short-lived and poorly-recieved roller coasters ever and the scar it left on one of the world’s most well-loved parks.
Every month, we add to the library we’re creating of Lost Legends – attractions so famous as to be forever remembered and locked away in time. With your comments and memories, we’ve chronicled the stories of long-lost Disney classics like Maelstrom, Alien Encounter, Journey into Imagination, and the Peoplemover. Then we dove 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea, explored the abandoned River Country, and looked back on the future of Epcot through Horizons.
Then, we flew off to Kings Island in Ohio where two of the most epic Lost Legends attractions ever lasted barely a decade when Son of Beast and TOMB RAIDER: The Ride were closed for very different reasons. And more recently, we made our way to Busch Gardens Williamsburg in Virginia where a forgotten family favorite, the Big Bad Wolf, served as the first “big” coaster for generations of riders before it closed forever.
For twenty-five years, Big Bad Wolf terrorized the dense, misty forests of Virginia, swinging precariously amid Bavarian storybook villages and diving toward the waters of the Rhine River below. For part of its life, Big Bad Wolf was mere feet away from another roller coaster tucked away in Busch Gardens’ Oktoberfest themed land. But this roller coaster lasted barely five years. From a Lost Legend, today, we’re going to turn our sights toward one of the most flubbed and failed roller coasters to ever exist, not to mention one of the most short-lived. Today, our Dateline Disaster series straps into DRACHEN FIRE at Busch Gardens Williamsburg.
A Tale of Two Parks
Today, you’d be right to associate Busch Gardens with gorgeous theme parks that expertly blend Disney’s attention to detail with Six Flags’ thrills and a dash of SeaWorld’s animal encounters. The built-out destination parks in Virginia and Florida are among the top of their class. Of course, those two parks are the only two to survive from an original batch of four modern parks carrying the Busch Gardens name.
That’s because the Busch Gardens parks – including the two we know today – got their start as literal gardens developed as marketing vehicles for Anheuser-Busch, the once-American brewer behind Budweiser, Michelob, Rolling Rock, Shock Top, and countless more beverage brands.
Busch Gardens in Van Nuys, California (1964, themed to the South Pacific); Tampa, Florida (1959, themed to Africa); Houston, Texas (1971, themed to Asia); and Williamsburg, Virginia (1975, themed to Europe) included hospitality houses featuring product samples and stables housing the brand’s iconic Clydesdale horses. The parks made for a wonderful aside from the nearby breweries and acted as Anheuser-Busch’s intermediary in the community.
As we know, the parks in Williamsburg and Tampa began to evolve, adding amusement park rides and attractions over many years until they grew into full-grown theme parks boasting spectacular theming and entertainment. The other two closed in the 1970s.
That left two Busch Gardens parks – Williamsburg and Tampa; Virginia and Florida; Europe and Africa. However they were named, the distinction was clear and wonderful. And as the parks grew in the 1990s and beyond, it was their similarities and not their differences that made these two siblings so very unique.
Complements
To take a look at the ride lineups of the two Busch Gardens parks today is to find complementary pairs – one “African” and one “European.”
Phython at Busch Gardens Tampa. Image: Joel, Flickr (license)
For example, in 1976, Tampa opened a bright yellow steel roller coaster by Arrow Dynamics, a now-defunct ride manufacturer who was at the cutting edge of steel coaster technology in the 1970s. Their ride in Tampa, Python, featured a double corkscrew, sending riders flying through elongated inversions.
Image: brownpau, Flickr (license)
Two years later, Williamsburg’s park called on Arrow to create another double inverting, serpentine, yellow coaster: Loch Ness Monster. Clearly a spiritual sibling of Python, Loch Ness Monster replaces the two corkscrews with interlocking loops – the first (and today, only) pair on the planet.
This intentional pairing continued as the two parks moved forward, traditionally sharing complementary rides. See, for example, Montu (1996) and Alpengeist (1997), two inverted roller coasters manufactured by the Swiss company Bolliger & Mabillard (B&M) where riders hang beneath the track in ski-lift style trains. Each is intentionally and brilliantly alike, yet cleverly unique… For example, Tampa’s Montu hugs the ground, diving through Egyptian sand pits while Alpengeist soars above a snowy Alpine valley in grand, sweeping turns.
More recently, SheiKra (2005) and Griffon (2007), two of B&M’s impressive floorless Dive Machine coasters, sending super-wide trains (8- and 10-across, respectively) free-falling face-first down 200-foot drops, named for the African bird of prey known to dive down to the water and the European mythological half-lion, half-eagle creature.
You’ll see it again with Cheetah Hunt (2011) and Verbolten (2012), both multi-launch family roller coasters that send guests zipping through the expansive African plains or the dense Black Forest of Germany, respectively.
However, there’s one very apparent disconnect between this build-and-match pattern the two parks developed through the 1990s. In 1993, Busch Gardens Tampa opened Kumba, a twisting, diving, coaster by B&M. The nearly 4,000 foot long ride features seven inversions including a 114 foot tall loop that wraps around the ride’s 143 foot tall lift hill, and a dizzying conclusion of interlocking corkscrews dug down into the ground. Kumba – which means, “roar” in the African Congo language – lives up to its name as its empty tubular steel tracks create a thundering, shuddering roar that most B&M roller coasters share.
Despite Busch Gardens’ intentional pairing between the Floridian and Virginian park, Kumba today is an only child. Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
One thing Kumba doesn’t share is a complementary ride at Busch Gardens Williamsburg. There is no “European” equivalent to Kumba. Or at least, not anymore… Why not? This is where the story gets interesting. How can a roller coaster be a Frankenstein creation? Read on…
To understand what happens next, you have to understand a thing or two about roller coaster manufacturers – the companies that design the roller coasters we encounter at theme parks every day. There are dozens and dozens of well known manufacturers with names that probably sound familiar like Premier, Vekoma, Zierer, CGI, Rocky Mountain Construction, Mack… Today, we’ll focus on the big three that make a difference in the tragic tale of Drachen Fire.
Arrow Dynamics
Image: Andrew Borgan, Flickr (license)
Any discussion of modern steel coasters has to start with Arrow Dynamics. Arrow was the manufacturer responsible for the Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland, the first tubular steel-tracked coaster on Earth. Through the 1970s, Arrow was a staple, manufacturing classic looping and corkscrewing roller coasters for seemingly every major park in the United States.
Arrow’s coasters all share a distinctive look from their crisscrossed lattice support structures (see Cedar Point’s Corkscrew, above) to their track, and more often than not, they share a distinctive ride experience: with many of Arrow’s rides built in an era before computer modeling could precisely detect the speed and forces along every inch of track, Arrow’s rides often have a bit of reputation for roughness. You can, for example, often look at the track ahead of you and see an awkward transition or a jarring turn ahead.
Think, for example, of the wild ejector air on Cedar Point’s Magnum XL-200 (so very different from modern, computer-calculated out-and-back hypercoasters), the snapping turns on Kings Island’s Adventure Express or your local park’s Arrow mine train, or your local park’s classic double-looping coaster, a multi-inversion coaster made up of seemingly random loops and corkscrews and hills. This distinctive style feels like an Arrow coaster.
Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
Arrow today no longer exists. The manufacturer quite literally bankrupted itself in the creation of Six Flags Magic Mountain’s ultra-complex roller coaster X (now X2), with Arrow’s assets living on through another ride manufacturer S&S Sansei, who specializes in air-pressure powered coasters, flat rides, and drop towers.
In our story today, it’s important to note that the only two roller coasters Busch Gardens Williamsburg had in the age of Drachen Fire were Big Bad Wolf and Loch Ness Monster – both Arrow creations.
INTAMIN
Image: Chun Yip So, Flickr (license)
Much more recognizable to modern audiences is INTAMIN, a Swiss manufacturer known internationally for pushing boundaries with stunning results.
Intamin was the first to cross the 300-foot height barrier with Cedar Point’s Millennium Force (2000) and pioneered using an innovative elevator-cable lift system to do it; they returned to the same park with 2003’s Top Thrill Dragster, the first to cross the 400-foot barrier, this time using a hydraulic winch launch. Cedar Point’s Maverick is another, with its LSM launch and its winding, wild, layout of seemingly random twists meant to feel like a buckin’ bronco. Intamin is also responsible for the smooth-as-glass, laser-cut Plug-and-Play line of wooden coasters like the extreme El Toro, and prototype ride systems like Superman: Escape from Krypton and Green Lantern: First Flight at Six Flags Magic Mountain.
Image: Patrick McGarvey, Flickr (license)
Intamin pushes boundaries, and sometimes they push back. Their rides can be known for extended downtime, frazzling computer systems, and going a bit too far. The only sister ride to Millennium Force, Kings Dominion’s Intimidator 305 (2010) was so intense, riders routinely blacked out in its first helix, necessitating a major, total reprofiling of the ride’s first manuevers. Initial test runs of Maverick showed that one of the inversions placed excessive G-forces on the trains, necessitating a delay to the ride’s opening and the inversion’s replacement with a straight section of track. The cable launch system used on rides like Top Thrill Dragster or Knott’s Berry Farm’s Xcelerator have both frayed in the past, spraying metallic shrapnal on riders. In 2013, the relatively new Shoot the Rapids log flume at Cedar Point rolled backwards down the ride’s lift with the boat flipping backwards into the flume at the bottom. Riders in over-the-shoulder restraints were trapped underwater for minutes – likely leading to the ride’s removal in 2016.
In other words, Intamin innovates and, from time to time, pays the price.
Bolliger and Mabillard
Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
Bolliger and Mabillard. The very name of the Swiss manufacturer conjures very specific images in the minds of theme park aficionados. B&M, as they’re commonly known, is renowned the world-over for its tried-and-true roller coasters. Unlike Intamin’s constant push to innovate, B&M always stuck to what they knew: super-smooth, ultra-reliable steel coasters with perfectly paced elements. While they may tinker with train set-ups and high-brow concepts, at their core B&M is known in the coaster community for crowd-pleasing, go-to rides with ultra-high up-time.
B&M’s iconic “cobra roll” manuever in which the track resembles a striking cobra. Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
If your local park contains a smooth, steel, out-and-back roller coaster made of perfectly arcing airtime hills (Diamondback, Behemoth, Apollo’s Chariot, Nitro, Raging Bull, Mako, etc.), a smooth, ultra-wide diving coasters (Valravn, Griffon, SheiKra, Swarm), a smooth winged coaster (Gatekeeper, X-Flight, Wild Eagle, Thunderbird), or a smooth Inverted coaster (Banshee, Raptor, Great Bear, Batman: The Ride, Dragon Challenge, etc.) then you’ve got a B&M.
B&M is so enamored with reliability and effortless operation, they famously refused to engineer a launch system for Universal’s Incredible Hulk. They agreed to design, engineer, and build Islands of Adventure’s starring coaster, but insisted that a third party would need to develop the launch system, as such glitchy, divisive systems didn’t fit into their simple, reliable line-up. Sure, they’ve since created complex ride systems (flying coasters like Manta, Tatsu, Air, and the Flying Dinosaur) and even manufactured a single launched coaster themselves (Holiday World’s Thunderbird), but tried-and-true has been B&M’s bread-and-butter.
And that’s where our story resumes.
1990s
In 1988, Walter Bolliger and Claude Mabillard – recently having departed from the company that supplied rides to Intamin – were approached by Six Flags and asked if they could design a roller coaster for Six Flags Great America just outside of Chicago. They did, and in 1990, Iron Wolf opened. The unique ride was a standing coaster, with riders standing upright instead of sitting. While it wasn’t the first, it was the premiere of what would become B&M’s distinctive style of four-abreast trains, “pre-drops” at the top of the lift to reduce stress on the chain, and precisely planned layouts… very different from what other manufacturers at the time (like Arrow) were offering.
Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
But that was just the start. In 1992, just two years later, B&M opened another roller coaster at Six Flags Great America: Batman: The Ride (above). This unique ride was an entirely new kind of roller coaster that B&M called an Inverted coaster. Unlike traditional roller coasters, the Inverted coaster sat four across and hung beneath the track like a ski lift with riders’ legs dangling freely. Batman: The Ride opened to rave reviews and Six Flags put in a bulk order. At once, B&M’s schedule filled up as absolutely everyone wanted an Inverted roller coaster. To date, 12 exact clones of Batman: The Ride have been built, and almost every major amusement park on Earth features a B&M Inverted roller coaster.
So when Busch Gardens contacted B&M about building a pair of groundbreaking new roller coasters at its Floridian and Virginian park, B&M regrettably declined; they already had two roller coasters on their docket for 1993 (both Inverted), four more in 1994. They were booked. After a bit of reasoning and pleading, Busch Gardens convinced B&M to sway. They would design one roller coaster for Busch Gardens, but only one. Busch Gardens Tampa would receive Kumba.
If the Williamsburg park were to have a ride that would complement Kumba, B&M would not be the ones to create it. Their schedule was simply too full. But with the concept of Kumba in hand, Busch was able to approach another manufacturer: Arrow. The creators of the park’s two existing coasters – Loch Ness Monster and Big Bad Wolf – would be optioned to create the complement to Kumba, going directly off the concepts provided by B&M. Drachen Fire would open in 1992.
It would be one of the most unusual roller coasters to ever exist. And it didn’t exist for long. Take a ride on Drachen Fire on the next page…
The ride experience
Your ride on Drachen Fire begins in the Oktoberfest section of Busch Gardens. The park is a loving and highly-detailed celebration of Europe; a place for older generations to feel like they’re back in “The Old Country” with authentic sights and sounds and smells and entertainment. The hamlet of Oktoberfest is perpetually decked out in the celebratory garments of the holiday with the smell of fresh pretzels and beer wafting through the village.
Passing alongside the park’s Festhaus, a path back into the woods leads in the direction of Drachen Fire, a distinctly thrilling steel roller coaster that offers what no other roller coaster on Earth does. And that’s not necessarily a good thing.
The track is vibrant sky blue, held up by off-white tubular steel supports. The queue line brings you to a blazing red train perched atop blue rails. This is it. Climbing aboard, the agonizing trip up the lift hill gives you the chance to survey the ride before you: it’s a monster, tangled and twisted and turning upside down six times. As the woods below grow further and further away, you near the top of the 150 foot tall lift hill and crest the top.
A sort of unintended signature of Arrow’s coasters (including Busch Gardens’ own Loch Ness Monster,) the first drop is a bit awkward. That’s because it’s straight as an arrow, not smoothly dipped or curved. The train levels out and accelerates down a straightaway drop. But Drachen Fire isn’t like a regular roller coaster. In fact, it’s not like any other roller coaster on Earth.
Just partway down that first drop, the train spirals up into a corkscrew. That’s right. The coaster’s first inversion is actually partway down the main drop. The train twists up into the corkscrew, sending riders upside down 120 feet over the ground. Then it spirals and curves down from there through the rest of the 145-foot drop. Just as it dips to ground level, it races back up a straightaway and over an airtime hill meant to send riders floating out of their seats.
As the train crests the hill, the next element comes into view. Arrow calls it a “batwing,” but this is the first and only Arrow coaster that features the element. It’s a staple of B&M, present on most of their Inverted coasters where it’s called a “cobra roll” – two half-loops connected by two half-corkscrews, the maneuver looks like a cobra rearing back to strike. Of course, given Arrow’s angular layout, the effect isn’t quite as sleek and serpentine as it is on your typical B&M coaster.
No matter. The train rockets out and banks to the left and up, into the ride’s mid-course brakes. From here on out, things get a little shifty.
Slowed briefly on the brakes, the train continues down a sharp hill and to the right, entering a corkscrew. Kumba has two corkscrews that interlock with each other (above). Drachen Fire attempts it, but Arrow’s bulkier, less-fluid layout means that the effect of interlocking is missing, as if someone playing Roller Coaster Tycoon couldn’t quite get the corkscrews to line-up in a convincing way.
As you rattle through this first corkscrew, the train snaps up awkwardly into an element called a cutback. Essentially an overbanked turn that’s banked enough to be considered an inversion, this rare element is only used in a handful of coasters, including Sky Rocket at Kennywood and Space Mountain: Mission 2 at Disneyland Paris.
The train exits through another few awkward transitions in the track before entering the second of the “interlocking” corkscrew pair. From there, the train helixes down through a trench and turns right before hopping up into the brakes.
From the top of the lift hill to the final brakes, your ride on Drachen Fire is a quick one, just over a minute. But in that minute, you’ve probably lived through many things you never thought you would encounter. Drachen Fire is rough. Not in the way that a wooden roller coaster shuffles and shakes, but in the way that Arrow coasters navigate odd transitions, snapping along the track and passing too fast or too slow through different inversions. It’s strange and awkward, and not the kind of ride you’d likely be interested in riding again today. Maybe one is enough for the season. Maybe one ride is enough, period.
Don’t misunderstand: some people loved Drachen Fire. But during its short lifetime, it didn’t make too many fans. But why? Why was word-of-mouth about Drachen Fire so incredibly poor? Why did the ride gain such a reputation for roughness and discomfort? Why is it such an anomaly with such a short lifetime? To summarize it in one word:
FRANKEN-COASTER!
Even if Arrow is closely associated with the dozens of Double Loops and Corkscrew roller coasters it built in the 1970s and 1980s, it was hard at work long after, too. In the late 1980s, Arrow was the force behind a multi-looping coaster model that sprang up across the United States in the form of rides like Kings Island’s Vortex (1987), Six Flags Great Adventure’s Great American Scream Machine (1989 – 2010), and Viper (1990, Six Flags Magic Mountain), Kennywood’s Steel Phantom (1991, a precursor to today’s Phantom’s Revenge) and Kings Dominion’s Anaconda (1991), averaging a half-dozen inversions as they race through double-loops, double-corkscrews, and batwing inversions.
But each of those rides has a very distinctive look and feel with Arrow’s signature crossbeam lattice support structures that look so very different from B&M’s tall, tubular supports.
With Drachen Fire, Arrow did not set out to create one of their own multi-loop roller coasters. Instead, they planned to create their best impression of B&M’s. They wanted a ride that was comparable to Kumba – a visual and spiritual sister. Using B&M’s concept, they designed a ride that, to the best of their abilities, looked like B&M’s.
Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
- Instead of Arrow’s lattice structure supports, Drachen Fire used tall tubular steel supports to mimic B&M’s, making it the first and only Arrow ride with such supports.
Image: Josh Hallett, Flickr (license)
- Many of Arrow’s multi-looping coasters contain a double corkscrew, sending the train through two consecutive inverting twists. But B&M’s Kumba did one better with interlocking corkscrews (above). Arrow was determined to recreate the maneuver for Drachen Fire, making it the first and only Arrow ride to feature interlocking corkscrews, even if it was done clumsily.
- Arrow’s Drachen Fire also contained an element that they called a batwing – Arrow’s best attempt at recreating B&M’s signature “cobra roll” element, shaped like a striking cobra, making Drachen Fire the first and only Arrow ride to feature the maneuver.
Kumba’s iconic loop around the lift hill, which Arrow declined to even attempt on Drachen Fire. Image: Jeremy Thompson, Flickr (license)
- Kumba’s signature, iconic structure is the massive vertical loop that actually loops around the ride’s lift hill. According to fan site BGWFans, Arrow couldn’t quite figure out how to pace Drachen Fire to achieve the signature loop, so they dropped it from the plans. Instead, they installed what they believed would be Drachen Fire’s iconic moment: a corkscrew halfway through the ride’s first drop, making it the first and only ride ever to feature the maneuver.
- Even the ride’s dispatch computer system was modeled after B&M’s, the first and only Arrow ride to ever use such a system.
More than skin deep
Arrow might’ve tried their best to replicate B&M stylistically, but they missed out on two very important key features that give B&M rides their effortlessly smooth, perfected paced ride experiences.
First, they kept to their own design and manufacturing methods. A signature element of Arrow’s design and manufacturing, riders could actually look at the track ahead and see awkward transitions, angled bends, and abrupt directional changes. So apparent are these odd “snaps” in the track, riders could physically brace themselves against them! In Arrow’s first decades, this snapping track configuration was a byproduct of the time: without the aid of modern computers to calculate stress and strain, these odd bends in the track would be taken at unpredictable speeds, leading to that “headbanging” and snapping that send riders heads clanging between the over-the-shoulder restraints. Though Drachen Fire’s manufacturing did use early computer simulation, it didn’t do much to quell the issues other Arrow creations faced. Even as a product of the 1990s, Drachen Fire had all the ingredients of a 1970s Arrow coaster.
Put another way: even if Drachen Fire looked like a B&M, it felt like an Arrow… something that riders would find increasingly unacceptable as B&M’s ultra-smooth rides started to appear in parks, including at Busch Gardens with Alpengeist just a few years later.
Second, Arrow missed one key concept B&M works off of: riders’ heartlines. B&M (and all modern coaster manufacturers) can use computer simulations to ensure that every inversion and bend in the track is expertly navigated by trains that are built to emphasize a rider’s “heartline.” Picture a corkscrew as you think of it this way: on an Arrow coaster, you bend around the track; on a B&M coaster, the track bends around you. The idea is that by keeping a rider’s heart at the same level, inversions are comfortable and perfectly paced. B&M’s trains keep the center of gravity perfectly placed on riders’ heartlines, led by a weighted “zero-car” that keeps the train’s speed steady.
Sure, roller coaster enthusiasts might have momentarily thought that Drachen Fire was the counterpart to Kumba, but one ride would announce otherwise.
The End
Soon after its debut, Drachen Fire gained a reputation for roughness, far and above even the typical discomfort from Arrow’s multi-loop coasters. Before the 1994 season, the corkscrew right after the ride’s mid-course brakes (one of the two “interlocking” corkscrews) was removed entirely and replaced with a straight section of track. Trim brakes were added to the new track section (meant to pull back on the train and slow it down before it entered the cutback element) all in an effort to reduce the head-banging riders experienced.
It was at this same time that the park began to advise guests to remove their earrings prior to riding. While it might’ve seemed overdramatic, this was no empty threat, as the headbanging throughout the ride left many guests with unforgettable memories of Drachen Fire’s wrath.
In 1996, actor Alex Winter visited the park as part of the E! television network’s “Theme Parks a Go-Go” television special and commented on-camera after the ride that he would need a new spine. Ridership fell year after year until a final death blow…
In 1997, B&M’s Alpengeist opened in the park’s German Rhinefeld area. The exquisite coaster from the still-young B&M gave Busch Gardens Williamsburg its first B&M and its own Inverted roller coaster; a perfect pair with Tampa’s renowned Montu and a brilliant evolution of the world-famous Batman: The Ride. Alpengeist is a wild, soaring, out-of-control coaster that flips riders upside down 6 times through six different kinds of inversions. But it’s also smooth. Very smooth. Every bit a B&M, it’s an impressive and reliably fun ride.
Proof that even intense roller coasters could be comfortable and fun must’ve begun to change hearts and minds at Busch Gardens.
Drachen Fire closed during the middle of the 1998 season. The park’s public relations director, Cindy Sarko, commented, “There has been a steady erosion of ridership, combined with the high operating expenses of the ride, it helps officials make the decision to shut it down.” There was no estimate of when the ride would reopen, though officials did say they planned to modify it.
In 1999, the ride was listed for sale. “We had several inquiries from potential buyers, but for various reasons we couldn’t reach any agreements.”
So the ride stood.
In 2001 – three years after it closed – during a Passholder Preview day at the start of the park’s season, trains cycled through the ride as if it were readying to open. But it didn’t. When the park opened in 2002, Drachen Fire was gone. After just over five years of operation, the ride was no more, and Kumba was an only-child.
Extinguishing the flame
Drachen Fire was indeed a Franken-coaster; one manufacturers best attempt at recreating another’s. It was odd, uncomfortable, and unfortunate, and to this day remains one of the most short-lived roller coasters on Earth.
It’s strange that we’ve chronicled two very different Lost Legends at one park: the majestic Big Bad Wolf that operated for a quarter-of-a-century before being removed despite the pleading of fans, and Drachen Fire, lasting barely a fifth of that time and probably made few fans in the meanwhile.
Two Lost Legends: one famous, one infamous. Whatever the case, Drachen Fire’s story is a unique one. It’s unlikely that we’ll ever see anything quite as strange happen to a roller coaster ever again. And that’s a good thing.
